Robert Adler

Robert Adler
Robert Adler
Born	December 4, 1913 Vienna, Austria
Died	February 15, 2007 (aged 93) Boise, Idaho, U.S.
Residence	U.S.
Nationality	American -Austrian
Fields	Physicist
Institutions	Zenith Electronics
Alma mater	University of Vienna
Doctoral students	None
Known for	wireless remote control for televisions
Notable awards	Edison Medal (1980)

Robert Adler (December 4, 1913 – February 15, 2007) was an Austrian-born American inventor who held numerous patents.

Contents  [hide] 1 Achievements 2 Contributions to the remote control 3 Professional accomplishments 4 Death 5 External links

Achievements

Adler was born in Vienna in 1913. He earned a Ph.D. in Physics from the University of Vienna in 1937. After emigrating to the United States, he began working at Zenith Electronics in the research division in 1941. In his lifetime, Adler was granted 58 USpatents.

Contributions to the remote control

The invention Adler is best known for is the wireless remote control for televisions. While not the first remote control, its underlying technology was a vast improvement over previous remote control systems.

The "Flashmatic" remote control, invented by Eugene Polley, another engineer at Zenith, was the first wireless remote control, replacing the signal cable based remote control devices, which never were a success. The Flashmatic used directional flashlight in the transmitter device, and photo cells in the television set itself. One of the major shortcomings of this technology was that if the television set was exposed to direct sunlight, it could inadvertently trigger one of the remote control functions. The company president sent the engineers back to the drawing board to come up with a better solution.

A Zenith Space Commander 600 remote control.

A system based on radio waves was briefly considered but rejected because the signals could easily travel through walls and could inadvertently change the channel on a neighbor's television. Furthermore, the marketing people at Zenith desired a remote control which did not require batteries, as it was perceived at the time that if the battery died, the customer might think something was wrong with the television set itself.

Adler's solution was to use sound waves to transmit signals to the TV. The first remote control he developed, the "Space Command", used aluminum rods, analogous to tuning forks, struck by hammers toggled by the buttons on the device, to produce high-frequency tones that would be interpreted to control functions on the television set.

In the 1960s, Adler modified the remote control to use ultrasonic signals, a technology which went on to be used in television sets manufactured for the next 25 years, until replaced by infrared systems which could transmit more complex commands (but, alas, require batteries to run).

Vitaly Abalakov

Vitaly Mikhaylovich Abalakov (Russian: Вита́лий Миха́йлович Абала́ков) (January 13 [O.S. December 31] 1906 in Yeniseysk – May 26, 1986 in Moscow) 

was a Soviet/Russian mountaineer and inventor.

Brother of Yevgeniy Abalakov, another famous alpinist, he made the first Soviet ascent of Lenin Peak in 1934 and two more ascents of this mountain. In 1936 he also made the ascent of Khan Tengri.

In 1938 he and others from his team were arrested by NKVD and was under investigation till 1940. He was accused of "open public propaganda" of western mountaineering techniques and "diminishing" domestic alpinist's achievements and being "German spy". Many of the alpinists arrested with Vitaly Abalakov were executed.

Abalakov is credited with such inventions as camming devices in the 1930s, Abalakov thread (or V-thread) gearless ice climbing anchor, and many other climbing equipment innovations.

He was awarded Order of Lenin (1957), Order of the Badge of Honor (1972) and titles Honoured Master of Sports of the USSR (1943),Honoured Trainer of the USSR (1961).

Bruno Abakanowicz
Born	October 6, 1852 Lithuania (then part of Russian Empire)
Died	August 29, 1900 (aged 47) France
Occupation	mathematician, inventor andelectrical engineer